Apopka Memorial Middle School

Testing words that might appear on the FCAT Reading Test.

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The Big 6 skills can be applied whenever students are in a situation, academic or personal, which requires information to solve a problem, make a decision or complete a task.

These six broad skill areas that are necessary for successful information problem-solving are:

• 1. Define the task
  
• a. What am I supposed to do?
  
• b. What do I need to find out? (What are
  
• the essential questions?)
  
  
• 2. Information Seeking Strategies
  
• a. What sources can I use? (Does this
  
• source answer an essential question?)
  
• b. Which sources will have the best information?
  
• 
  
• 3. Location and Access
  
• a. Where will I go to find my sources?
  
• b. What or who can help me find what I need?
  
  
• 4. Use of Information
  
• a. Read, hear and view the information
  
• b. Extract information from the source
  
  
• 5. Synthesis
  
• a. Organize information
  
• b. Present information
  
  
• 6. Evaluation
  
• a. Did I accomplish what I set out to do in # 1?
  
• b. Did I use the best methods to locate information?
  

FCAT Math Words

Absolute valueInequality	A number’s distance from zero (0) on a number line.
Acute angle	An angle measures less than 90 degrees and greater than 0 degrees.
Additive inverse property	A number and its additive inverse have a sum of zero (0) (e.g., in the equation 3 +-3 = 0 and -3 are additive inverses of each other).
Algebraic equation	A mathematical sentence in which two expressions are connected by an equality symbol.
Algebraic expression	An expression containing numbers and variables (e.g., 7x), and operations that involve numbers and variables (e.g., 2x+y or 3a-4)> Algebraic expressions do not contain equality or inequality symbols.
Algebraic order of operations	The order of performing computations is parentheses first, then exponents, followed by multiplication and/or subtraction.
Algebraic rule	A mathematical expression that contains variables and describes a pattern or relationship.
Altitude	The perpendicular distance from a vertex in a polygon to its opposite side.
Angle	The shape made by two rays extending from a common end point, the vertex. Measures of angles are described using the degree system.
Area	The inside region of a two – dimensional figure measured in square units(e.g., a rectangle with sides of 4 units by 6 units contains 24 units or has an area of 24 units.)
Associative property	The way in which three or more numbers are grouped for addition or multiplication does not change their sum or product.[e.g., (5+6)+9= 5(6+9) or (2x3)x8 =2x(3x8)].
Axes (of a graph)	The horizontal and vertical number lines used in a rectangular graph or coordinate grid system.
Bar graph	A graph that uses bars to display data.
Base	The line or plane upon which a figure is thought to rest.
Break	A zigzag on the line of a x- or y-axis in a line or bar graph indicating that the data being displayed do not include all of the values that exist on the number line used. Also called a Squiggle.
Capacity	The amount of space that can be filled. Both capacity and volume are used to measure three-dimensional spaces; however, capacity usually refers to fluids, whereas volume usually refers to solids.
Central angle	An angle that has its vertex at the center of a circle.
Chart	A data display.
Circle graph	A data display. Also known as a pie chart.
Circumference	The perimeter of a circle is called its circumference.
Closed figure	A two-dimensional figure whose beginning and ending points meet, such that the plane in which the figure lies is divided into two parts-the part inside the figure and the part outside the figure(e.g., circles, squares, rectangles)
Commutative property	The order in which two numbers are added or multiplied does not change their sum or product ( e.g., 2+3=3+2 or 4x7=7x4).
Complementary angles	Two angles, the sum of which is exactly 90°.
Composite number	A whole number that has more than two factors.
Concrete representations of numbers	Having a definite form of relating to an actual object.
Congruent	A term describing figures or objects that are the same shape and size.
Coordinate grid or system	A network of evenly spaced, parallel, horizontal and vertical lines especially designed for locating points, displaying data, or drawing maps
coordinates	Numbers that correspond to points on a coordinate graph in the form (x,y) or a number that corresponds to a point on a number line.
Counting principle	If a first event have n outcomes and a second event has m outcomes, then the first event followed by the second event have n x m outcomes
Customary units	The units of measure developed and used in the united states. Customary units for length are inches, feet, yards, and miles. Customary units for weigh are ounces, pounds, and tons. Customary units for volume are cubic inches, cubic inches, cubic feet, and cubic yards.
Cylinder	A three-dimensional figure with two parallel bases that are congruent circles.
Data displays\graphs	Different ways of displaying data in tables, charts, or graphs, including pictographs, circle graphs, single-, double-, or triple-bar and line graphs, histograms, stem-and-leaf plots, box-and-whisker plots, and scatter plots.
Decimal number	Any number written with a decimal point in the number. A decimal number falls between two whole numbers (e.g., 1.5 falls between 1 and 2). Decimal numbers smaller than 1 are sometimes called decimal fractions (e.g. five-tenths is written 0.5).
Diameter	A line segment from any point on the circle passing through the center to another point on the circle.
Direct measure	Obtaining the measure of an object by using measuring devices, either standard devices of the customary or metric systems, or nonstandard devices such as a paper clip or pencils.
Distributive property	For any numbers a, b, and x, x(a+b) = ax + bx
Divisible	A term describing a number capable of being divided into equal parts without a remainder.
Effects of operations	The results of applying an operation to given numbers (e.g., adding two whole numbers results in a number greater than or equal to the original numbers
Empirical probability	The likelihood of an event happening that is based on experience and observation rather that on theory.
Enlargement	An increase in size in all dimensions by a uniform amount.
Equation	A mathematical sentence (e.g.,2x=10) that equates one expression (2x) to another expression (10).
Equivalent forms of a number	The same number expressed in a different forms (e.g., ¾ , 0.75, 75 %).
Estimation	The use of rounding and/or other strategies to determine a reasonably accurate approximation, without calculating an exact answer.
Evaluate an algebraic expression	Substitute numbers for the variables and follow the operation symbols to find the numerical value of the expression.
Explain in words	Directions requesting a written description of the procedures for finding the solutions to the problem presented.
Exponent (exponential form)	The number of times the base occurs as a factor. For example, 2^3 is the exponential form of 2x2x2. the numeral two (2) is called the base, and the numeral three (3) is called the exponent.
Expression	A collection of numbers, symbols, and /or operation signs that stand for number.
Extrapolate	To estimate or infer a value or quantity beyond the known range.
Face	One of the plane surfaces bounding a three-dimensional figure (a side).
factor	A number or expression that exactly divides another number (e.g., 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, and 20 are factors of 20.
flip	A transformation that produces the mirror image of a geometric figure. Also called a reflection.
Fraction	Any part of a whole is called a fraction (e.g., one-half written in fractional form ½ ).
Function	A relation in which each value of x is paired with a unique value of y.
Function table	A table of x- and y-values (ordered pairs) that represents the function, pattern, relation, or sequence between the two variables.
Grid	A network of evenly spaced, parallel, horizontal and vertical lines.
Height	A line segment extending from the vertex or apex of a figure to its base and forming a right angle with the base or basal plane.
Hypotenuse	In a right triangle, the side opposite the right angle.
Hypothesis	A proposition or supposition developed to provide a basis for further investigation or research.
Indirect measure	The measurement of an object through the known measure of another object.
Inequality	A sentence that states one expression is greater than, or equal to, less than, less than, or equal to another expression (e.g., a≠5 or x<7).
Integers	The numbers in the set {. . ., -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, . . . }.
Intercept	The value of a variable when all other variables in the equation equal zero (0). On a graph, the values where a function crosses the axes.
Inverse operation	An action that cancels a previously applied action. For example, subtraction is the inverse operation of addition.
Irrational number	A real number that cannot be expressed as a ratio of two numbers (e.g., √2).
Isosceles triangle	A triangle with two congruent sides and two congruent angles
Labels (for graph)	The titles given to a graph, the axes of a graph, or to the scales on the axes of a graph.
Length	A one-dimensional measure that is the measurable property of line segments.
Likelihood	The chance that something is likely to happen. See probability.
Line	A straight line that is endless in length.
Linear equation	An algebr4aic equation in which the variable quantity or quantities are in the first power only and the graph is straight line [e.g., 20=2(w+4) +2w and y=3x+4].
Line graph	A graph that displays data using connected line segments.
Line segment	A portion of a line that has a defined beginning and end (e.g., the line segment AB is between point A and point B).
Mean	The arithmetic average of a set of numbers.
Median	The middle point of a set of ordered numbers where half of the numbers are above the median and half are below it.
Metric units	The units of measure developed in Europe and used in most of the world. Like the decimal system, the metric system uses the base 10. Metric units for length are millimeters, centimeters, meters, and kilometers. Metric units for weight are milligrams, grams, and kilograms. Metric units for volume are cubic millimeters, cubic centimeters, and cubic meters. Metric units for capacity are milliliters, centiliters, liters, and kiloliters.
Midpoint of a line segment	The point on a line segment that divides it into two equal parts.
Mode	The score of data point found most often in a set of numbers.
Multiples	The numbers that result from multiplying a given number by the set of whole numbers (e.g., the multiples of 15 are 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, etc.).
Multiplicative identity	The number one (1), that is, multiplying by 1 does not change a number value (e.g., 5x1 =5).
Multiplicative inverse (reciprocal)	Any two numbers with a product of 1 (e.g., 4 and ¼ ).
Natural numbers (counting numbers)	The numbers in the set {1, 2, 3, 4, 5 … }.
Negative exponent	Used in scientific notation to designate a number smaller than one (1) (e.g., 3.45 x 10-2 equals 0.0345).
Nonstandard units of measure	Objects such as blocks, paper clips, crayons, or pencils that can be used to obtain a measure.
Number line	A line on which numbers can be written or visualized.
Obtuse angle	An angle with a measure of more than 90° but less than 180°.
Odds	The ratio of one event occurring to it not accruing.
Operation	Any mathematical process, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, raising to a power, or finding the square root.
Ordered pair	The location of a single point on a rectangular coordinate system where the digits represent the position relative to the x-axis and y-axis [e.g., (x, y) or (3, 40].
Organized data	To arrange data in a display that is meaningful and that assists in the interruption of the data. See data displays.
Parallel lines	Two lines in the same plane that never meet. Also, lines with equal slopes.
Pattern	A predictable or prescribed sequence of numbers, objects, etc. patterns and relationships may be described or presented using manipulatives tables, graphics (picture or drawing), or algebraic rules (functions). Also called a RELATION.
Percent	A special-case ratio in which the second term is always 100. The ratio is written as a whole number followed by a percent sign (e.g., 25% means the ratio of 25 to 100).
Perimeter	The distance around a figure.
Perpendicular	A term describing two lines segments that cross to form a right angle.
Pi (π)	The symbol designating the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, represented as either 3.14 or 22/7 .
Pictograph	A data display.
Place value	The position of a single digit in a whole number or decimal number containing one or more digits.
Plane	And undefined, town-dimensional (no depth) geometric surface that has no boundaries specified. A plane is determined by defining points or lines existing on the plane.
Plane figure	A two-dimensional figure that lies entirely within a singer plane.
Point	A location in space that ahs no discernible length or width.
Polygon	A closed plane figure whose sides are straight lines that are connected end-point to end-point.
Prime number	Any whole number with only two factors, 1 and itself (e.g., 2,3,4,5,7,11 ect.).
probability	A measure of the likelihood that a given event will occur; expressed as a number between 0 and 1 (see Empirical and theoretical/expected probability).
Proportion	A mathematical sentence stating that two ratios are equal.
Pyramid	A three-dimensional figure whose base is a polygon and whose faces are triangle with a common vertex.
Pythagorean theorem	The square of the hypotenuse (c) of a right triangle is equal to the sum of the square of the legs (a and b), as shown in the equation c2 = a2 +b2 .
Quadrant	Any of the four regions formed by the axes in a rectangular coordinate system.
Radical	An expression that has a root (square root, cube root, etc.) (e.g., √25 is a radical). Any root can be specified by an index number, b, in the form b√a (e.g., 3√8 ). A radical without an index number is understood to be a square root.
Radical sign	The symbol (√) used before a number to show that the number is a radicand.
Radicand	A number that appears with a radical sign (e.g., in √25 , 25 is the radicand).
Radius	A line segment extending from the center of a circle of sphere to a point on the circle or sphere.
Range	The lowest value (L) in a set of numbers through the highest value (H) in the set. When the width of the range is expressed as a single number, the range is calculated as the difference between the highest and lowest values. More advanced presentations show the range calculated as (H –L+1). The result of either calculation would be considered correct.
Rate/distance	Calculation involving rates, distances, and time intervals, based on the distance, rate, time formula (D =rt).
Ratio	The comparison of two quantities (e.g., the ratio of a and b is a/b, where b≠ 0).
Rational number	A real number that can be expressed as a ratio of two intergers.
Ray	A portion of a line that begins at a point and goes on forever in one direction.
Real numbers	All rational and irrational numbers.
Reflection	See flip.
Regular polygon	A polygon that is both equilateral and equiangular.
Relation (Relationship)	See pattern.
Relative size	The size of one number in comparison to the size of another number numbers.
Right angle	An angle whose measure is exactly 90 °.
Right circular cylinder	A cylinder in which the bases are parallel circles perpendicular to the side of the cylinder.
Right prism or rectangular	A three-dimensional figure (polyhedron) with congruent, polygonal bases and lateral faces that are all parallelograms.
Rise	The change in y going from one point of x to another (the vertical change on the graph).
Rotation	A transformation of a figure by turning it about a center point or axis. The amount of rotation is usually expressed in the number of degrees ( e.g., a 90° rotation). Also called a Turn.
Rule	A mathematical expression that describes a pattern or relationship, or a written description of the pattern or relationship.
Run	The change on x going from one point of y to another (the horizontal change on the graph).
Scale model	A model or drawing based on a ratio of the dimensions for the model and the actual; object it represents (e.g., a map).
Scales	The numeric values assigned to the axes of a graph.
Scatter plot	A graph of data points, usually from an experiment, that is used to observe the relationship between two variables.
Scientific notation	A short method of writing very large or very small numbers using exponents in which a number is expressed as the product of a power of 10 and a number that is greater that or equal to one (1) and less that 10 (e.g., 7.59 x 105 = 759,000). It is based on the idea that it is easier to read exponents that it is to count zeros. If a number is already a power of 10, it is simply written 1027 instead of 1x1027 .
Sequence	An ordered list with either a constant difference (arithmetic) or a constant ratio (geometric)
Side	The edge of a geometric figure (e.g., a triangle has tree sides).
Similar figures	Figures that are the same shape, have corresponding, congruent angles, and have corresponding sides that are proportional in length.
Similarity	A term describing figures that are the same shape but are not necessarily the same size or in the same position.
Slide	To move along in constant contact with the surface in a vertical, horizontal, or diagonal direction. Also called a translation.
Slope	The constant, m, in the linear equation for the slope- intercept form y=mx + b. The ratio of change in the vertical axis (y-axis) to each unit change in the horizontal axis (x-axis) in the form rise/run or ∆y/∆x .
Solid figure	Three-dimensional figures that completely enclose a proportion of a space (e.g., the rectangular solid, cube, sphere, right circular cylinder, right circular cone, and square pyramid.
Spatial relationship	Relationships of figures existing or happening in space.
Square root	A positive real number that can be multiplied by itself to produce a given number (e.g., the square root of 144 is 12, or √144 =12.
Squiggle	See break.
Standard units of measure	Accepted measuring devices and units of the customary or metric system.
Straight angle	An angle whose measure is exactly 180°.
Supplementary angles	Two triangles, the sum of which is exactly 180°.
Surface area of a geometric solid	The sum of the areas of the faces of the figure that create the geometric solid.
Symbolic Representations of Numbers	Expressions by symbols (e.g., circles shaded to represent ¼ or variables used to represent quantities)
Symbolic expression	A symbol or set of symbols expressing a mathematical quantity or operation (e.g., 2x is equal to two times x).
Symmetry	A term describing the result of a line drawn through the center of a figure such that the two halves are congruent.
Table	A data display.
Tessellation	A covering of a plane with congruent copies of the same pattern with no holes and no overlaps, like floor tiles.
Theoretical/expected probability	The likelihood of an event happening based on a theory rather than on experience and observation.
Transformation	An operation on a geometric figure by which another image is created. Common transformations include flips, slides, and turns.
Translation	See Slide.
Transversal	A line that intersects two or more lines at different points.
Tree diagram	A diagram in which all the possible outcomes of a given event are displayed.
Turn	See Rotation.
Unorganized data	Data that are presented in a random manner.
Variable	Any symbol that could represent a number
Vertex	The common endpoint from which two rays begin (i.e., the vertex of an angle) or the point where two lines intersect; the point on a triangle or pyramid opposite to and farthest from the base.
Vertical angles	The opposite angles formed when to lines intersect.
Volume	The amount of space occupied in three dimensions and expressed in cubic units. Both capacity and volume are used to measure empty spaces: however, capacity usually refers to fluids, whereas volume usually refers to solids.
Weight	Measure the represents the force that attracts an object to the center of earth.
Whole number	The numbers in set {0,1,2,3,4, 5}.
X-intercept	The value of x on a graph when y is zero (0). The x axis is the vertical number line on a rectangular coordinate system.